HUMAN NEEDS AND KIND

A. Understanding Needs

  

 The need is everything that man needs to prosper. Reflect the needs of people who want to feel less satisfied fulfilled in human beings that appear naturally in order to survive.

 

2. Types of Needs

 Human needs are many and varied. Broadly speaking, human needs can be divided into four groups, namely as follows.

a. Based on the intensity of its Use

Based on the intensity of usage, demand is divided into three types, namely primary needs, secondary needs, and tertiary needs.

 

1) Primary or Necessity Requirement

  The primary requirement is a major requirement that must be met in order to sustain human life. In other words, the primary requirement is a requirement that must be met in order for humans to live. Those needs arise naturally. The primary requirement is also called 'natural needs'. Examples are included in the primary requirement is the need to eat, drink, clothing, and shelter
 

2) Secondary Needs

 Once people can meet the needs of primary or basic needs, humans still need other needs that are complementary. Needs is a secondary requirement, which needs to be met after the primary needs are met. Examples include secondary needs include the need for televisions, refrigerators, tables, chairs, books, and stationery.

3) The need for tertiary

  Tertiary needs are needs that must be met after the primary and secondary needs are met. Basically, the need for tertiary is a human need for goods and services that are classified as luxury (lux), such as luxury cars, yachts, private aircraft, and travel abroad.

Rations according to the intensity of its use is largely determined by the condition of a region or country. For example, for the inhabitants of a region or a country that remains, the need for a motorcycle or a car may be a need for luxury. However, the population of the region or a country with high living standards, demand for motorcycles or cars may be only a secondary requirement.

 

b. Based on the nature

 
By its nature, human needs are divided into two requirements, namely the temporal and spiritual needs.

 

1) Physical Needs

 Physical needs are the needs associated with physical or physical state of a person for goods and services. Examples that belong to the physical needs in the form of goods such as clothing, food, beverages, medicines, and vitamins. As for that which belongs to the physical needs in the form of services such as recreational needs, listening to music and watching television and cinema.

 

2) Needs Spiritual or Spiritual Needs

  In addition to physical needs, the type of requirement is also important is the need of spiritual or psychological needs are. Among other examples of the spiritual needs of worship, listening to religious lectures, and listening to the discourse or advice of a noble character.
 

c. Based on the compliance time

Based on the time of its fulfillment, the need for differentiated into the needs of present and future needs.

1) Needs Now

The need now is a need for the fulfillment of which can not be put off no longer, or should be met at this very moment. Examples that belong to the current needs include the needs of one's food when he is hungry, needs someone to drink when he is thirsty, need someone to drugs, or go to the hospital when he was sick, and needs someone will break when he was tired.

 

2) Needs to Come

Needs of the future is a fulfillment of the needs of its fulfillment may be delayed or done at a later date. This requirement relates to the supply or the preparation for the upcoming needs. Examples need to come, the baby needs for mothers who are pregnant, the savings in preparation for continuing education, health insurance and pensions for old age insurance.
 

d. Based on the subject is

Based on the subject, human needs can be divided into individual needs and group needs.

 

1) Individual Needs

  Individual needs are needs that includes halhal intended for individuals. Individual needs will be different for each person or profession relies heavily on the person concerned. For example, a student takes a book and stationery, food, clothing, and sports.
 

2) Needs Group

  Needs of the group is utilized for the needs of the public interests of society or together, for example, bridges, street sports, hospitals, recreational areas and schools.
 

3. Factors Affecting Needs

 
Needs of every human being can vary between one and another. Some of the factors that influence it needs such a state of nature, religion, customs, and civilization.

 

a. The state of Nature or the Environment

Circumstances will affect the nature of human needs. For example, people living in mountainous areas will be different needs with the twang who live in coastal areas. So are people living in tropical countries will be different with people who live in areas or countries with four seasons. People who live in cold regions more in need of heavy clothing than people who live in the summer.
 

b. Religion

Religion or faith one follows now will lead to different needs of each person-beds. For example, every religion requires certain tools to be used in the conduct of worship. It is encouraging every religion seek a variety of items for use in the administration of his worship.
 

c. Custom

Customs or traditions will affect the different needs of each person. For example, for the vast majority of Indonesia rice is the staple food. As for most European and American bread is the staple food. Indigenous communities will be different with the Sundanese or Javanese people Kaiak. Differences in customs it will lead to different needs.
 

d. Civilization

Civilization is one factor contributing to the differences in needs. The higher the civilization of a society, more and more and higher quality goods or services required. At the time of the ancestors, human needs are still very simple. For example, they only need clothing made from animal skins or leaves, eating from the hunt, and live in caves. In modern times such as now, it is not there anymore. Humans in today's already wearing clothes that are increasingly varied, eat well, and live in better housing or live in luxury apartments.
 

4. Tool or means of satisfying the needs

Human needs are not limited to the form of goods (products) or services. Goods is a means of satisfying human needs in the form of visible or palpable. The service is a means of satisfying human needs that are not tangible (abstract). Both the balk of goods or services is a tool or a means of satisfying human needs. Tool or a means of satisfying the needs can be distinguished by the way get it, use in conjunction with other goods, and the production process.
 

a. How To get

Based on how to obtain it, the means of satisfying the needs can be divided into free goods and economic goods.

 

1) Free Items

Free goods is a means of satisfying the needs which are not required to obtain the sacrifices of economic resources. It is commonly used as an example of free goods such as air, water and sunlight, because jumlalmva abundant. Free stuff is often said to be easy to get, which is merely a creation of God to be used by humans.

 

2) Economic Goods

Economic goods is a means of satisfying the needs of the sacrifices necessary to obtain economic resources. Examples of clothing, food, and home. Economic goods can be distinguished from consumer goods and production goods. Consumer goods are items used directly to meet human needs balk durable as clothing, home furnishings, and vehicles, as well as perishable as fuel, food, and medicine. The production of goods are goods used indirectly to satisfy human needs as haws experiencing some production processes, for example, raw materials and machinery.

 

But the distinction between free goods and economic goods are not rigid. Business community on the air, sunlight and water was changed from free goods into economic goods in the form of clean water, clean air, and solar energy.

 

b. Usability in Relation to Other Items

 Based on the usability in conjunction with other goods, the means of satisfying the needs can be divided into substitutes and complements.

 

1) Item Substitution

Substitute goods are goods that have usability to substitute other goods. For example, the bus can replace rail transport, corn can replace rice as a staple of society.

 

2) Complementary Goods

Complementary goods are goods that have usability to complement the other items. The item will be useful in meeting human needs, jib used together. For example gasoline vehicles, with pen and ink. Definition of substitute goods and complementary goods is not the same for everyone or every community. For example, sugar and coffee instead of complementary goods for the people of England.
 

c. Its production process

Based on the production process, goods or means of satisfying the needs are divided into raw materials, intermediate goods, and finished goods.

 

1) Raw Goods

Crude goods are goods that have not undergone a process of production (processing), and akin used as feedstock in the production process. For example cotton, timber, and rice.
 

2) semi-finished goods

Intermediate goods are goods that have undergone a process of production, but can not be used to meet human needs perfectly, for example cotton into yarn, kavu into boards, and rice into flour.